BigDecimal Java

Introduction to BigDecimal Java

The operations for arithmetic, scale manipulation, rounding, comparison, hashing, and format conversion are provided by the BigDecimal class. Additionally, the class offers total control over rounding behavior to the user.

The BigDecimal class in Java consists of a 32-bit integer scale and a random precision integer scale. If the scale is positive or zero, the number of digits to the right of the decimal point is used. If the number's unscaled value is multiplied by ten to the power of the scale's negation, it will be less than zero.

Features of BigDecimal are

• Scaling and Rounding Modes
• No Overloaded Operators are allowed
• use CompareTo() to compare BigDecimals not equals()
• BigDecimals are immutable.

Java BigDecimal Declaration

The declaration of BigDecimal Class is shown below

In this example, we are going to see how to initialize BigDecimal Class.

Output

Code Explanation In the above code, we have created an Object of BigDecimal Class and initialized that object with some value.

Need of BigDecimal

• The two primitive types in Java, double and float, are binary representations of a fraction and an exponent that are used to store floating point numbers.
• Aside from booleans, fixed-point integers are other primitive types. In contrast to fixed point numbers, floating point numbers typically return a result with a little error (about 10-19). This is the reason why, in the example above, the outcome of 0.04-0.03 is 0.009999999999999998. In this example, we are going to check why there is a need for BigDecimal in java

Output

Code Explanation In the above example, we have shown subtraction with both double and BigDecimal. By using BigDecimal more precise answers can be achieved.

Fields for BigDecimal Class

Following are Fields of BigDecimal class:

Java BigDecimal Constructors

The Constructors of BigDecimal Class are Shown Below

Java BigDecimal Methods

Examples for the BigDecimal Java

Example1

In this example, we are going to Compare two BigDecimal using the equals() method.

Output

Code Explanation In the Above code, we have created two Objects of BigDecimal using BigDecimal(String) Constructor. Then We used equals() method to check if two BigDecimal are equal or not.

Example 2

In this Example, we are going to use round() method of BigDecimal class.

Code Output

Code Explanation In Above Code We have Created BigDecimal Object and round it with precision of 3 by using round() Method with passing MathContext Object.

Mathematical Operations

Several Mathematical Operations can be Applied on BigDecimal Number for example addition, subtration, multiplication, power, division, remainder. Let us take an Example where we are going to find how to use these Mathematical operations on BigDecimal.

Output

Code Explanation In Above Code we have called the BigDecimal method to find the addition, subtraction, division, and multiplication of BigDecimal Numbers. To find the division of two BigDecimal Numbers we have passed RoundingMode as RoundUp.

Extraction of Value from BigDecimal

1) Using java.math.BigDecimal.intValue() to Get Extract Value from BigDecimal

From Below we are going to find how to extract value from BigDecimal using intValue() method

Code Output

Code Explanation In Above Code we have created two BigDecimal Objects and extracted their integer value using intValue().

2) Using java.math.BigDecimal.longValue() to Extract Value from BigDecimal

From Below we are going to find how to extract value of long type from BigDecimal using longValue() method

Output

Code Explanation In the Above code by using longValue() we have extracted BigDecimal value into long.

3) Using java.math.BigDecimal.toBigInteger() to Extract Value from BigDecimal

From Below we are going to find how to extract value of BigInteger type from BigDecimal using toBigInteger() method

Output

Code Explanation In the Above code by using toBigInteger() we have extracted the BigDecimal value into BigInteger.

Comparison

"equals()"

The Java.math.BigDecimal.equals() method determines whether a BigDecimal value and the object provided are equal. Two BigDecimal objects are only deemed equal by this method if their scale and value are the same.

To compare two BigDecimal equals() method is used.

In this example, we are going to use equal() method.

Output

Code Explanation In Above Code we have created two BigDecimal with the same value and scales and used equals() method.

"compareTo()"

Compares the provided BigDecimal to  BigDecimal. This function treats two BigDecimal objects that are equal in value but differ in scale (for example, 2.0 and 2.00). In place of separate methods for each of the six boolean comparison operators (, ==, >, >=,!=, =), this method is offered. (x.compareTo(y) op> 0), where op> is one of the six comparison operators, is the proposed idiom for doing these comparisons.

In this example, we are going to use compareTo()

Output

Code Explanation In the Above code we have used b1.compareTo(b2) to compare two BigDecimal. This method will return 0 if both are equal. This method will return 1 if b1>b2. This method will return -1 if b1<b2.

BigDecimal Rounding Behavior

The built-in Java method called BigDecimal.round(MathContext m) provides a BigDecimal value that has been rounded in accordance with the settings of the MathContext. There is no rounding if the accuracy parameter is set to 0. Syntax

Parameters The method only requires one parameter, m, which specifies the context to utilise, or the amount up to which the BigDecimal result should be rounded. Return The method's return value is a BigDecimal that has been rounded in accordance with the settings of the MathContext.

In Below Example we are going to check how to Round a BigDecimal.

Code Output

Code Explanation In the above code we have created a BigDecimal Object and called round() method with a precision of 4 by passing specified MathContext.