Linux Networking Commands

Example The following command will give you

• Size of the packets.
• The IP address
• The number of hops required.
• Hostname

Output

Tracepath

This command in Linux is similar to the traceroute command. It is employed in the detection of network delays. It does not, however, necessitate root access. This command also traces the path to the selected destination and recognizes each hop. If your network is weak, it detects the weak point.

Syntax

Example

Output

ping

Ping (Packet INternet Groper) is a Linux command that is typically used to verify network connectivity between two systems (Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN). It communicates with network nodes via ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol).

Syntax

Example

To test the connectivity, we use

Output

netstat

It gives statistical data about various interfaces, such as open sockets, routing tables, and connection information.

Syntax

To install netstat, run the following command

Example To get details about ports, use the following command

Output

ss(Socket Statistics)

Socket Statistics (ss) is a robust command-line utility for investigating sockets. It dumps socket statistics and presents similar information to netstat. Furthermore, it displays more TCP and status information than other similar commands.

Syntax

1. To display TCP/UDP or UNIX sockets, use the -t, -u, or -x options in the command. Each of them can be combined with "a" to display the connected and listening sockets.

2. Combine it with "l" to see only the listening sockets of TCP/UDP or UNIX sockets.

Example

To get the list of all the TCP ports (sockets) open on a server.

Output

dig

The dig command in Linux stands for Domain Information Groper. In DNS lookup, this command is used to query the DNS name server. It is also used to debug DNS problems.

Syntax

Example

Output

nslookup

Another command used for DNS-related searches on Linux is nslookup. It is the earlier version of dig.

Syntax

Example

Output

route

A Linux system's IP routing table can be viewed or modified using the command-line tool route. It is primarily used to set up static routes via an interface to particular hosts or networks.

Syntax

Example

You can view the Kernel IP routing table by using the following command.

Output

host

This Linux command displays the domain name and IP address for a given hostname. It is also used to retrieve DNS lookup results for DNS-related queries.

Syntax

Example

Output

arp

The arp command in Linux stands for Address Resolution Protocol. It is used to see and modify the kernel's ARP table. Every system has a list of IP addresses and their related MAC addresses. The ARP Lookup table is the name given to this table. When a destination is requested to connect via IP address, your router will look in this table for the MAC address. The table will not be used if it is cached.

Syntax

Example

By default arp command gives the hostname, but we can use the command given below to get IP address.

Output

iwconfig

The wireless network interface is configured using the Linux iwconfig command. It is used to configure and view basic WI-FI settings such as SSID and encryption.

Syntax

hostname

The Linux commandhostnameis used to view and change a system's hostname.

Syntax

Example

To set the hostname, use the following command.

curl or wget

The curl and wget commands in Linux are used to download files from the internet via the command line interface. To get the file, use the curl command with the option "O," whereas the wget command is used directly.

Syntax

1. curl

Example

2. wget

Example

mtr

The mtr command in Linux is a combination of ping and traceroute. It displays information about the packets sent as well as the ping time of each hop in real-time. It is also used to view network problems.

Syntax

Example

Output

whois

The whois command in Linux is used to retrieve all information about a website. You can obtain all the information about a website, including its registration and owner details.

Syntax

To install whois command, use the following command

Example

Output

ifplugstatus

The ifplugstatus command in Linux determines whether a cable is connected to a network interface. On Ubuntu, this command is not directly available.

To install ifplugstatus use the following command sudo apt-get install ifplugd Syntax

Example

Run the following command

If you get “link beat detected” then everything is working fine.

iftop

It is a network analyzing utility system administrators use to view bandwidth statistics. It displays a high-level summary of the networking operations on an interface. It is an abbreviation for Interface TOP, and the top is derived from the op command in Linux. It can even be used as a diagnostic tool to determine which program is causing the network problem.

Syntax

To install iftop, use the following command.

Example

To display bandwidth usage, use the following command.

Output

tcpdump

Among other Linux network commands, the tcpdump command is the most commonly used in network analysis. It gathers and shows network traffic as it passes via the network interface. Syntax

Example

To specify the protocol, use the command.

To specify the port number, use the following command.

ifup

The ifup command activates a network interface, making it ready for data transport and reception.

Syntax

ethtool

The ethtool is Linux command software that queries and changes network interface controller parameters and device drivers.

Syntax

To install ethtool, use the following command.

Example

nmcli

The nmcli is a simple, scriptable Linux command for reporting network status, managing network connections, and controlling the NetworkManager.

Syntax

Example To view all network devices, use the following command.

Output

nc

NC (NetCat), often known as the "Network Swiss Army knife," is a versatile command that can handle practically any operation using TCP, UDP, or UNIX-domain sockets. It can open TCP connections, listen on arbitrary TCP and UDP ports, and do port scanning, among other things. It can also be used as a rudimentary TCP proxy to test network daemons, see if remote ports are reachable, and much more.

Syntax

Example

Output

nmap

It can be used to learn more about a single host or to investigate a whole network. Nmap is also used for network audits, network security scans, port discovery on distant computers, and much more.

Syntax

To install nmap, use the following command.

Example

Output

Wireshark

Wireshark is a widespread, powerful, adaptable, and simple-to-use command for real-time packet capture and analysis on a packet-switched network. System administrators and network engineers use it to monitor and examine packets for security and troubleshooting.

Syntax

bmon

It collects networking statistics and displays them visually in a human-friendly style. It's a trustworthy and efficient real-time bandwidth monitor and rate estimator.

Syntax

Iptables

The IP packet filtering and NAT ruleset can be configured, maintained, and inspected using the Linux command iptables. It is employed to configure and oversee the Linux firewall (Netfilter). You can list already-existing packet filter rules, add, remove, or alter packet filter rules, and list individual rule counts.

Syntax

Where,

• -A is append
• -C is check
• -D is delete

Firewalld

Network/firewall zones, which specify the trust level of network connections or interfaces, are supported by Firewalld's dynamically managed firewall. Ethernet bridges, IP sets, IPv4, and IPv6 firewall configurations are all supported.

UFW firewall

On Linux distributions running Debian and Ubuntu, UFW is a well-liked and default firewall configuration tool. It is used to add, delete, alter, and reset packet filtering rules, among other things, as well as to enable or stop the system firewall.

Syntax

Example

To check firewall status, use the following command

Output