How to Do Crud Operations in ReactJS?

Explore the intricacies of implementing CRUD operations in React using React Hooks, React Router, and Axios. CRUD, which encompasses Create, Read, Update, and Delete functionalities, is pivotal for efficient data management within web applications. This tutorial focuses on executing these operations locally with JavaScript Objects, bypassing the need for JSON servers. Dive into creating, retrieving, updating, and deleting content, enhancing your proficiency in handling API requests seamlessly in React.

State Management in React :

React's state management system is a core feature that enables components to store and manage their own data. State represents mutable data that can change over time. Here's how React's state management works:

• Component State: Each React component can have its own state, defined using the useState hook (for functional components) or the this.state property (for class components).
• Initialization: You initialize state with an initial value when a component is created. For example, you might initialize a counter to zero or an input field to an empty string.
• Updating State: To update state, you use the setState function (functional components) or this.setState method (class components). When state is updated, React automatically re-renders the component to reflect the new state.
• Local Scope: State is local to the component that defines it. It cannot be directly accessed or modified by other components. This encapsulation ensures that changes to one component's state do not unintentionally affect others.

Here's an example illustrating state management in a functional component :

In this example, the count variable represents the component's state, and the setCount function is used to update it. When the "Increment" button is clicked, the state is updated, causing the component to re-render with the new count value.

React's state management system is powerful and flexible, allowing you to manage and react to changes in data within your components. It plays a crucial role in building dynamic and interactive user interfaces.

Step 1: Setting up a project

Setting up a ReactJS project is the initial and crucial step in building any web application, including one that involves crud operation in reactjs. Here's what you need to do :

• Create a New React Project: You can use tools like Create React App (CRA) or your preferred project setup. CRA is a popular choice that simplifies the setup process by generating a basic project structure and configuration.
• Installation : If you're using CRA, you can create a new project by running npx create-react-app project-name. This command will create a new directory with all the necessary files and dependencies.
• Project Initialization : After the installation is complete, navigate to your project directory and run npm start. This command will start a development server and open your React application in a web browser.
• Code Editor : Use a code editor or integrated development environment (IDE) of your choice to work on your project. Popular options include Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text, or WebStorm.

In a React application, data flow between components, especially in parent-child relationships, is a fundamental concept. This flow of data is facilitated by using props (short for "properties"). Props are a mechanism for passing data from parent components to child components. Let's illustrate the flow of data using an example:

Consider a simple task management application with two components: TaskList (parent) and Task (child). The TaskList component displays a list of tasks, and each task is represented by a Task component.

Here's how the data flows between these components :

• In TaskList.js, we define an array of tasks, each represented as an object.
• We then use the map function to iterate over this array and render a Task component for each task. We pass the task's data (taskName and completed) to each Task component as props.
• In Task.js, the props parameter allows us to access the data passed from the parent component (TaskList). We use these props to display the task's name and completion status.
• As the user interacts with the application (e.g., checking/unchecking tasks), event handlers can be used to update the state in the parent component (TaskList) and re-render the child components accordingly.

Step 2: Project Structure

A well-organized project structure is essential for managing the complexity of your React application, especially when dealing with crud operation in reactjs. Here's a common project structure :

• src : This is the main directory where you'll place your application's source code.
• components : Create subdirectories within this folder to organize your React components based on their functionality. For crud operation in reactjs, you might have subdirectories like Create, Read, Update, and Delete.
• containers : Use this folder to store components that manage the state and data flow between your CRUD components.
• services : If your application communicates with an API or database, you can place API service files in this folder.
• assets : Store static assets like images, stylesheets, or fonts here.

The project structure will look like this:

Step 3: Installing dependency

For this example, we won't require any additional dependencies beyond what Create React App provides by default. If you were connecting to an API or database, you might install libraries like Axios for HTTP requests or a state management library like Redux.

Step 4: Component files

Let's create the component files for each crud operation in reactjs :

CreateTodo.js (Create Component)

ReadTodos.js (Read Component)

UpdateTodo.js (Update Component)

DeleteTodo.js (Delete Component)

Step 5: Create components

Now, let's create a simple To-Do list application in App.js that utilizes these components :

This example demonstrates the complete flow of crud operation in reactjs in this simple To-Do list application.

• Create: Using the CreateTodo component, users can add new to-do items.
• Read: The ReadTodos component displays the list of to-do items and allows users to delete them.
• Update: When you select a to-do item, the UpdateTodo component lets you edit and update the item's text.
• Delete: The DeleteTodo component serves as a cancel button for the update operation.